{"id":10587,"date":"2024-07-24T08:49:02","date_gmt":"2024-07-24T08:49:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enkash.com\/resources\/?p=10587"},"modified":"2026-03-11T11:31:22","modified_gmt":"2026-03-11T06:01:22","slug":"what-is-financial-accounting","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enkash.com\/resources\/blog\/what-is-financial-accounting","title":{"rendered":"What is Financial Accounting? Definition, Types, Functions &#038; Examples"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Financial accounting is a type of accounting undertaken by businesses to report a company\u2019s transactions via financial statements. Businesses have multiple transactions daily that need to be recorded and analyzed for important financial decisions, and that is exactly when financial statements prepared for financial accounting play a vital role.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What-is-Financial-Accounting\"><\/span>What is Financial Accounting?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"highlight_box\"><strong>Definition<\/strong>:<br \/>\nThe process of recording, classifying, reporting, and analyzing business transactions is called financial accounting. This is a necessary process required to analyze the overall financial health of the organization. All the transactions related to sales, purchases, accounts payable, and accounts receivable are recorded to be analyzed correctly.<\/p>\n<p>Financial Accounting is recording, checking, and explaining all monetary activities of a business. It helps a business to keep track of income, expenses, profit, and loss in a clear and organised way.<\/p>\n<p>In simple words, accounting tells you how much money flows in, how much money flows out, and what amount left.<\/p>\n<h3>Meaning of Accounting<\/h3>\n<p>The main idea of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.enkash.com\/resources\/blog\/what-is-accounting\">accounting<\/a> is to keep proper records so that the business knows its real financial position.<\/p>\n<p>This makes it easy to understand:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>How well the business is doing<\/li>\n<li>If it is earning a profit<\/li>\n<li>If costs are increasing<\/li>\n<li>If the business can grow safely<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The main aim of financial accounting is to display a company\u2019s profits and losses so that the stakeholders can make the right decisions.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What-Are-Accounting-Concepts\"><\/span>What Are Accounting Concepts?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Accounting concepts are basic rules that guide how financial records should be made. They make sure all businesses must follow the same method, so financial statements stay clear, fair, and easy to compare.<\/p>\n<p>These concepts act as the foundation of the entire Financial accounting system.<\/p>\n<h3>Major Accounting Concepts :<\/h3>\n<table class=\"mtr-table mtr-tr-td\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Accounting Concept\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><b>Accounting Concept<\/b><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Simple Meaning\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><b>Simple Meaning<\/b><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Why It Matters\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><b>Why It Matters<\/b><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Example\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><b>Example<\/b><\/div><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Accounting Concept\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Business Entity Concept<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Simple Meaning\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The business and the owner are separate. Their money should not be mixed.<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Why It Matters\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Helps show the true financial performance of the business.<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Example\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The owner\u2019s personal expenses should not be recorded as business expenses.<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Accounting Concept\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Money Measurement Concept<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Simple Meaning\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Only things that can be measured in money are recorded.<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Why It Matters\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Keeps records clear and measurable.<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Example\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Employee skills or customer happiness are not recorded because they can\u2019t be measured in money.<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Accounting Concept\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Going Concern Concept<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Simple Meaning\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The business is expected to continue operating in the future.<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Why It Matters\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Assets are recorded at normal value, not resale value.<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Example\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A building is recorded at its book value, not what it could be sold for today.<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Accounting Concept\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Accrual Concept<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Simple Meaning\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Record income and expenses when they happen, not when cash moves.<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Why It Matters\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Shows the real financial result of a period.<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Example\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You record service revenue today, even if the payment comes next week.<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Accounting Concept\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Matching Concept<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Simple Meaning\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Record expenses in the same period as the income they help generate.<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Why It Matters\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Helps show accurate profit or loss.<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Example\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If income is earned in April, related expenses should also be recorded in April.<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Accounting Concept\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dual Aspect Concept<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Simple Meaning\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Every transaction has two sides: one gives, and one receives.<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Why It Matters\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Maintains the rule Assets = Liabilities + Equity.<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Example\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Buying furniture: the business receives furniture and gives cash.<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Read More<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.enkash.com\/resources\/blog\/double-entry-accounting-system\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What is the Double Entry System in Accounting?<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What-Are-Accounting-Principles\"><\/span>What Are Accounting Principles?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Accounting principles are basic rules and guidelines that explain how financial statements should be prepared. They help keep financial information clear, accurate, and credible so that investors, banks, and regulators can understand and rely on the data presented.<\/p>\n<p>These principles make sure businesses follow the same standards, which improves transparency and comparability.<\/p>\n<h3>Major Accounting Principles<\/h3>\n<table class=\"mtr-table mtr-tr-td\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Accounting Principle\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><b>Accounting Principle<\/b><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Simple Meaning\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><b>Simple Meaning<\/b><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Why It Matters\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><b>Why It Matters<\/b><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Example\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><b>Example<\/b><\/div><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Accounting Principle\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><b>Revenue Recognition Principle<\/b><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Simple Meaning\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Record income when it is earned, not when cash is received.<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Why It Matters\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Shows the true income of the period.<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Example\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You deliver a service today but get paid next week \u2014 record income today.<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Accounting Principle\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><b>Prudence \/ Conservatism Principle<\/b><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Simple Meaning\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do not overstate profit or assets; record losses early and gains only when certain.<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Why It Matters\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Keeps financial reports safe, honest, and realistic.<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Example\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you expect a loss, record it now; if you expect a gain, wait till it happens.<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Accounting Principle\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><b>Materiality Principle<\/b><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Simple Meaning\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Record important items; ignore very small or minor details.<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Why It Matters\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Makes statements clear and easy to understand.<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Example\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A \u20b95 pen purchase may not need detailed reporting.<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Accounting Principle\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><b>Cost Principle<\/b><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Simple Meaning\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Record assets at their actual purchase cost, not current market value.<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Why It Matters\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Keeps records consistent and verifiable.<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Example\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A machine bought for \u20b950,000 is recorded at \u20b950,000 even if its value changes.<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Accounting Principle\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><b>Full Disclosure Principle<\/b><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Simple Meaning\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Share all important information that can affect decisions.<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Why It Matters\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Builds trust and transparency.<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<td data-mtr-content=\"Example\" class=\"mtr-td-tag\"><div class=\"mtr-cell-content\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Disclosing lawsuits, risks, or major financial events in reports.<\/span><\/div><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Financial-Accounting-Guidelines\"><\/span>Financial Accounting Guidelines<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Organizations need to undertake financial accounting following the Indian Accounting Standard (Ind AS) for credibility and uniformity across accounting processes. These guidelines are at par with the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS).<\/p>\n<h3>Who uses Financial Accounting?<\/h3>\n<p>Organizations are supposed to make their financial accounting data public via quarter and annual financial statements. This provides internal and external stakeholders with vital financial data.<\/p>\n<p>Financial accounting is majorly done for external stakeholders like investors and creditors to understand the financial health of the organization and take decisions accordingly.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Financial accounting is used by the following stakeholders:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Financial accounting data is used by suppliers and trade creditors to know the short-term liquidity of an organization<\/li>\n<li>Investors use data to estimate the possible investment risk and predict future dividends<\/li>\n<li>Lenders use data to predict the company\u2019s ability to pay back loans<\/li>\n<li>Customers use financial statements to know the long-run prospects of a business<\/li>\n<li>Employees use data to know the company\u2019s profitability and stability<\/li>\n<li>Company management evaluates progress and identifies areas for improvement<\/li>\n<li>Government agencies use data to levy appropriate taxes<\/li>\n<li>Investment analysts use <a href=\"https:\/\/www.enkash.com\/resources\/blog\/financial-statements-meaning-importance-benefits-scope-and-objectives\">financial statement<\/a> data to know the company\u2019s competitive position.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a class=\"enkash_button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.enkash.com\/products\/expense-management\">Manage Business Expenses<\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Importance-of-Financial-Accounting-for-Businesses\"><\/span>Importance of Financial Accounting for Businesses<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Financial accounting is important to track financial transactions and prepare financial statements.<\/li>\n<li>As financial accounting is done following the Indian Accounting Standard guidelines, it is easier for companies to create financial statements that are universally accepted.<\/li>\n<li>Financial statements are public documents that help improve a company\u2019s credibility in the market.<\/li>\n<li>Businesses can invest and allocate their resources better following the analysis of their financial performance.<\/li>\n<li>Financial accounting defines rules that organizations must follow while making their financial performance public.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Types-of-Financial-Accounting\"><\/span>Types of Financial Accounting<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Financial accounting is broadly divided into two types \u2013 Cash Accounting and Accrual Accounting.<\/p>\n<p>The major difference between them is the timing of transaction recording.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Cash Accounting<br \/>\nThis method of accounting records transactions when they occur in cash. A company records income after receiving cash from sales. It requires transaction recording only when money moves in and out of the bank account.<br \/>\nBusinesses with large inventories don\u2019t use cash accounting as it doesn\u2019t consider liabilities incurred but not paid yet.<\/li>\n<li>Accrual Accounting<br \/>\nThis method of accounting records transactions whether they are earned or incurred. Businesses use accrual-based accounting to create journal entries for sales and expenses even before collecting or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.enkash.com\/products\/make-payments\">making payments<\/a>.<br \/>\nAccrual-based accounting is standard among businesses handling large volumes of credit transactions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Objectives-of-Financial-Accounting\"><\/span><b>Objectives of Financial Accounting<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The main aim of financial accounting is to provide accurate financial information to internal and external stakeholders. This analysis allows businesses to protect the interests of their stakeholders, fulfill legal requirements, and optimize resource allocation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These are the objectives of financial accounting:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Recordkeeping<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Compliance with statutory requirements<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Know profitability<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Facilitates management decision-making<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Recordkeeping<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Financial accounting facilitates a systematic process for recording financial transactions in the accounting books. Organizations use these books to analyze their financial performance.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Compliance with statutory requirements<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Organizations comply with tax regulations and other statutory requirements following the process of financial accounting.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Know profitability<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Businesses can know their net income from assets, liabilities, and equity with financial accounting.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Facilitates management decision-making<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The accounting process allows stockholders, creditors, and investors to know the company\u2019s financial position. It also helps the management while making analytical decisions for the company\u2019s growth.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Features-of-Financial-Accounting\"><\/span><b>Features of Financial Accounting<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Financial accounting keeps a record of only monetary transactions from a business point of view.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Financial accounting tracks transactions that have already taken place in the past.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Organizations are required to keep their financial accounts updated with timely auditing of financial statements to ensure accuracy.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Financial accounting informs customers, investors, suppliers, and financial institutions about the financial performance of an organization.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Organizations consider financial accounting statements covering less than a year as interim reports. These reports are used to convey the financial performance before a full-year reporting cycle ends.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Financial accounting is the foundation for other accounting branches such as management accounting, cost accounting, and other advanced accounting methods. This is so as it deals with raw data from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.enkash.com\/resources\/blog\/journal-entry-basics-formats-types\">journal entries<\/a>\u00a0and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.enkash.com\/resources\/blog\/what-is-ledger-its-functions-and-importance-in-accounting\">ledgers<\/a>.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What-are-the-main-functions-of-Financial-Accounting\"><\/span><b>What are the main functions of Financial Accounting?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Financial accounting helps create financial statements that allow investors, tax authorities, and lenders to understand the organization\u2019s financial position.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Financial accounting maintains a systematic record of financial transactions while following accounting standards and regulatory guidelines.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Accounting teams analyze and summarize financial records in the trial balance. The final statement showcases the profits or losses of an organization during a financial year.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Financial accounts enable organizations to share their annual financial performance with internal and external stakeholders.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Financial accounting encourages organizations to fulfill their legal obligations, such as bookkeeping, auditing, and tax liabilities.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What-are-the-4-main-financial-statements\"><\/span><b>What are the 4 main financial statements?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The four main financial statements are<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.enkash.com\/resources\/blog\/balance-sheet-meaning-formula-importance\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Balance sheet<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.enkash.com\/resources\/blog\/income-statement-meaning-types-and-preparation-guide\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Income statement<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.enkash.com\/resources\/blog\/cash-flow-statement-format-indirect-method-statement-of-cash-flows\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cash flow statement<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Statement of retained earnings (also known as the statement of owner\u2019s equity)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><b>Balance Sheet<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A statement of net worth that showcases an organization\u2019s assets, liabilities, and shareholders\u2019 equity at a particular time. Also known as a statement of financial position, a balance sheet has an accounting equation that balances out the assets by adding liabilities and shareholders\u2019 equity.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"highlight_box\" style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Assets = liabilities + shareholders\u2019 equity<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A balance sheet is used by accountants to calculate key financial ratios. It also helps investors know the capital structure of an organization and calculate rates of return.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Income Statement<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A profit and loss or income statement showcases an organization\u2019s gains, revenues, expenses, and losses in a particular period. Also known as a revenue and expense statement, it allows organizations to assess depreciation, figure out less-performing areas, and compare performance against their competitors.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Cash Flow Statement<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A cash flow statement showcases incoming and outgoing cash and cash equivalents (CCE) to allow businesses to evaluate their operational abilities. Organizations use this financial statement to gauge their ability to generate cash for operating expenses.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A cash flow statement includes the following activities:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Operating activities that showcase the incoming cash flow from selling goods and services<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Investing activities that help in cash generation from physical and non-physical property buying and selling<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Financing activities that include cash flow from debt and equity financing<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Statement of Retained Earnings<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The owner\u2019s equity statement has the sum of earnings that an organization reserves for investing in business operations. Organizations use these earnings to pay debt, buy fixed assets, or use them as working capital.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclusion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Accounting plays an important role in helping every business understand its real financial position. By using accounting principles, accounting concepts, and financial accounting methods, companies can keep their records clear, correct, and easy to trust.<\/p>\n<p>These rules make sure that income, expenses, assets, and liabilities are recorded in the right way, so that banks, investors, and business owners can make better decisions. They also help maintain transparency, avoid errors, and follow legal requirements.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Frequently-Asked-Questions\"><\/span>Frequently Asked Questions<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>1. What is financial accounting?<\/strong><br \/>\nThe detailed process of recording, analyzing, and summarizing the financial transactions of an organization for an accounting period is financial accounting. It allows businesses to evaluate their financial health and stability.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. What are the three major types of accounting?<\/strong><br \/>\nThree types of accounting are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Financial Accounting<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.enkash.com\/resources\/blog\/cost-accounting-types-function-example\">Cost Accounting<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.enkash.com\/resources\/blog\/understanding-managerial-accounting\">Managerial Accounting<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>3. What is the main aim of financial accounting?<\/strong><br \/>\nThe main aim of financial accounting is to create and share financial statements with external stakeholders so that they can evaluate the overall financial performance of the company.<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. What is an example of financial accounting?<\/strong><br \/>\nA financial statement made public is the best example of financial accounting. Prepared using universally accepted accounting guidelines, it keeps a record of both incoming and outgoing financial transactions.<\/p>\n<p><strong>5. What is the difference between cost accounting and financial accounting?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Cost accounting is undertaken for internal management to make informed decisions related to product pricing and budget strategy.<\/p>\n<p>Financial accounting is primarily concerned with external stakeholders and is made public for them to make decisions accordingly.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Financial accounting is a type of accounting undertaken by businesses to report a company\u2019s transactions via [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":11968,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[801],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10587","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-accounting-and-finance"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Financial Accounting: Definition, Types, &amp; Features<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Businesses need to undertake financial accounting for better and more informed decision-making. 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